Kalila and Dimna

This book is considered one of the most famous and immortal classical works in the library of Eastern literature. It dates back to Indian origins, by its author, the Indian sage "e;Bidba"e;. He wrote it to advise King "e;Dabishlim"e;, then "e;Barzowayh"e; translated it into the Fahlawi language and added to it, and finally it reached Arabic literature. When Abdullah bin Al-Muqaffa translated it from Fahlawi to Arabic in the Abbasid era, specifically in the second century AH corresponding to the eighth century AD, and formulated it in his literary style, adapting it from the original book, then its editions continued in Egypt, from the era of Muhammad Ali Pasha until today, until the Ministry Knowledge has become a textbook for a period of time. The book consists of 15 main chapters, which include many stories whose heroes are animals, and tell the events and conflicts taking place in the animal kingdom. Among its most prominent heroes are: the lion, who plays the role of the king, and his servant, the bull, who is called "e;Shatrabah,"e; and "e;Kalila and Dimna,"e; who... The book bears their names, as they are two jackals, whose stories are told.