Into Africa

This study analyzes American strategy toward Africa in the Post-Cold War era. The author argues for the importance of Africa and the third world to the USA due to globalization, trans-border issues, and natural resource scarcities. Next, the thesis examines three cases: US strategy toward South Africa, which resulted in the break up of the apartheid regime; the US intervention in Somalia, which resulted in the strengthening of an outlaw regime; and, the recent success of negotiations with Liberia for the extradition of former Liberian President Charles Taylor. In each instance, the strategies of coercion, soft power, and sanctions were assessed to ascertain which policy or policies were most effective and why. A comparative analysis of the three cases details the strengths and weaknesses of each strategy and makes recommendations for the future. The results show that there are many "Africas" within Africa and one policy will not fit all. Therefore, the author presents a menu of policy options, which take into account the many differences among African nations. Key considerations include defining US interests in the region and stratifying African states based on local capability. The research also demonstrates the need for US multilateral intervention in Africa in conjunction with international, regional, and sub-regional states and organizations. Finally, the study presents key considerations and recommendations in applying military coercion, sanctions, and inducements in Africa for success based on lessons learned.